Electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA), also called electrospray, has been studied for centuries starting in the late 1500s when William Gilbert (1544-1603) first observed how a drop of water deformed into a cone in the presence of an electric field.
Since the 1990s electrospray has been successfully employed in applications across a broad range of industries, from biomedical, to nano-materials to food packaging to the aerospace industry.